Outsider Music for Outsider People free essay sample

Music For Outsider People for whatever length of time that it has existed overwhelming metal has reliably been generalized, excused and censured. Everything from the verses, the symbolism, and the throaty vocals has been bullied by each and every individual who doesn't accept overwhelming metal isn't a type of music. I am here to put any misinformation to rest. If individuals somehow happened to take the time and examine what Is In the music, overwhelming metal Is not as satanic and pernicious as It Is made out to be.Growing up I was constantly advised to remain from metal music since it was esteemed as fallen angels music and for quite a while I trusted it. Quick forward to today where I can't envision my existence without substantial metal music. I will concede the first occasion when I tuned in to metal was a frightening encounter. The music was something I have never heard and all the assumptions accepted were valid. Be that as it may, Instead excusing the music as sinister I chose to investigate it and see what this clamor genuinely was. What I discovered was, the verses were the most mind boggling utilization of words I have ever heard, unbelievable musicianship, and tons of steadfast fans.Metal has consistently been there to help through all the dissatisfactions and tension I have developed and it has never disillusioned me. I am everlastingly a metal head. I will keep on heading blast until I separate my neck while blazing the fallen angel horns. Also, I will keep on protecting metal until the day I bite the dust. Numerous issues individuals have with metal music is simply the real music. For what reason would they say they are shouting? For what reason do they need to be substantial? Anybody can play this clamor. When anybody inquires as to for what reason do these individuals need to shout, I react by saying, Why craftsmen eave to sing or rap? Shouting is Just another route for craftsman to vocalizes their verses, just In a progressively forceful tone. Not every person can play this kind. While the music may seem As though assault rifles going off, there Is in reality a ton of musicianship the vast majority are absent to. Many metal guitarists and bassists took in their regarded instruments from tuning in to famous blues, jazz and old style arrangers so as to refine their abilities. These aptitudes are made clear due to the specialized part of the music. Metal has brought some the best and incredibly famous groups much as Metallic, Judas Priest, Oozy Osborne, Iron Maiden and much more.Another issue individuals have with metal Is the verses. The issue Is either the verses are to foul and profane or the verses can't be comprehended as a result of the manner in which the verses are introduced. Again if individuals who are bullying overwhelming metal would take the time and investigate the music, the verses are not as provocative as it described. Overwhelming metal discussions about subjects different kinds Just don't discuss. Subjects like self destruction, misery, religion, and disconnection are Just a couple of models. One of my most loved refurbish groups Pierce The Veil discusses the subject of self destruction from their melody named Tangled In the Great Escape.There are numerous extraordinary lines from this tune, however Oh, I turned into the train as you supported up on the ropes to arm yourself and lie thus I shout, mayday Im inconvenience send someone as soon as possible. Indeed the tune is about somebody very nearly self destruction, yet the point I am attempting to make is the verses are not indecent and profane as everybody describes it. Truth be told these verses can be viewed as well-spoken, passionate and beautiful. Generally substantial metal isn't evil or the music of Satan, however there are mother metal groups who are genuine Satanists and outrightly assault anything of religion particularly of the Christian faith.Besides the admirers of the fallen angel, overwhelming metal likewise has exceptionally unfavorable, mental impacts on pre-adult personalities. There is a sub-type in metal called dark metal. This sub-kind is the place a large portion of the groups are genuine Satanists. The vast majority of these dark metal groups are situated in Norway. In Norway these dark metal specialists are famous for the consuming of a few old and sacrosanct holy places with the end goal of Satanism. Dark metal is likewise known for wearing what is called body paint during live shows. The reason body paint was to resemble a genuine corpse.The alliance with dark metal and cadavers go inseparably. A few groups Mold go similarly as cutting their own arm and spreading the blood all over their face during live shows to give the impression of a cadaver. The band who began the entirety of the stunning demonstrations were known as Mayhem. They were the initial ones to wear cadaver paint. They prompted the demonstration of consuming places of worship for the sake of Satan. The mental impacts of metal, especially on youngsters, are they are progressively helpless against ending it all or discover no motivation to live. Numerous groups have experienced harsh criticism in view of express substance inside their own songs.Bands like Judas Priest, Marilyn Manson, and Slipknot are Just a couple of the groups who caused discussion on account of their music. A genuine case of the metal sort being utilized as a substitute for criminal aims is the Columbine shooting. hen word got out the two killings were devotees of famous stun rocker Marilyn Manson, each and every news association, government official and irate parent set out to accuse Antichrists Superstar. Manson himself even said in a meeting, l can e why they would pick me since I think its simple to toss my face on a T. V. Cause at long last I am the banner kid for dread Many metal craftsmen needed to safeguard Nat their music was about and a big motivator for it. Turned Sisters vocalist Dee Snider says, Anytime the media has discovered somebody tunes in to overwhelming metal music has been exploded as motivation behind why an individual does what they have done. The back up parent of stun rock Alice Cooper has once been prohibited in London on the grounds that there is blood in the show. Alice reacts to this announcement by saying, There is more plunder in Macbeth than there is my show and its a necessary perusing in school. .. Corey Taylor, front man of Grammar grant winning metal band Slipknot, reacts to the allegations about his band by saying, Violence has been around much longer than we have. Lamentably the obliviousness of republican, strict reasoning is they see a mothers pit and its vicious Heavy metal is Just innocuous diversion. For the individuals who state metal is the Noirs type of music and ought to be controlled are taking themselves and the music Nay too truly. Substantial metal isn't for everybody. It is a gained taste.It is either [oh are into overwhelming metal music or you are most certainly not. For the individuals who state metal is loaded with metal is untouchable music for outcast individuals. Overwhelming metal is for individuals who need an emotionally supportive network. Nobody tunes in to substantial metal so as to feel powerless. Individuals tune in to metal to feel engaged and to feel associated. Individuals feel enabled regardless of whether the melody is about self destruction. Overwhelming metal is something other than music, it is a fraternity. It is a fraternity of pariahs. It is something just metal heads can comprehend. It is something I am glad to be a piece of.

Rhetorical Analysis for Dennis Baron Essay

Making English the official language enacted on August 1, 1996, with Congress. A school educator, of English at the University of Illinois, composed an exposition called, â€Å"Don’t Make English Official-Ban It Instead† by Dennis Baron. The article had showed up in the Washington Post on September 8, 1996. The given case that Baron makes is that English ought to be prohibited. There were six given explanation Baron expressed and one of only a handful few were English isn't unadulterated English any longer, English would cease to exist, and English proprietorship, who it would have a place with. He kept on supporting his reasons and give models. A significant number of his reasons comprised of his analogies, diversion, and perspective. Dennis Baron’s parody is compelling for the safeguarding adversaries of the official English bill as a result of his exaggerated humorous funniness, alongside his utilization of mockery; in spite of the fact that his parody isn't viable for the contradicting rivals in view of his absence of proof, his decision of an uneven contention, and his suppositions about what might occur with forbidding English all through the parody. Regardless of whether the British are presently our partners, there might be some advantage to forbidding English today. † (Baron 870) is one of numerous sarcastic diversion that Dennis Baron utilized; shielding rivals of the official English are affected here as a result of how he derides the British. Another utilization of his diversion is the point at which he states, â€Å"We wouldn’t need to stress over whose English to make official. (Noble 870) After Baron satisfied this, he addressed whether it to be, â€Å"English of England or American English? Of Chicago or New York? Of Ross Perot or William F. Buchley? † (Baron 870) The safeguarding adversaries of the official English bill were affected by Dennis Baron’s mocking cleverness, just as the mockery, all through his parody. With his mockery and amusingness, he had given a couple of proof with this use.

Rusk, Dean

Rusk, Dean Rusk, Dean (David Dean Rusk), 1909â€"94, U.S. secretary of state (1961â€"69), b. Cherokee co., Ga. After teaching (1934â€"40) and serving in World War II, he entered (1946) the Dept. of State. In 1950 he became assistant secretary of state for Far Eastern Affairs and played a major role in the U.S. decision to take military action in the Korean War . After serving (1952â€"61) as president of the Rockefeller Foundation, Rusk became (1961) secretary of state in President John F. Kennedy 's cabinet and continued to hold the post under President Lyndon B. Johnson . He supported economic aid to underdeveloped nations, low tariffs to encourage world trade, and the 1963 nuclear test ban treaty with the Soviet Union. A firm believer in the use of military force to prevent Communist expansion, Rusk strongly defended the Vietnam War . Following his retirement from public service, he taught international law at the Univ. of Georgia (1970â€"84). See The Winds of Freedom, selections from his speeches, ed. by E. K. Lindley (1963). The Columbia Electronic Encyclopedia, 6th ed. Copyright © 2012, Columbia University Press. All rights reserved. See more Encyclopedia articles on: U.S. History: Biographies

Many Different Reasons For Yoga - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 2 Words: 584 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2019/08/12 Category Sports Essay Level High school Tags: Yoga Essay Did you like this example? Yoga is a relaxation technique that is becoming increasingly popular with todays society. According to Garfinkel and Schumacher (2000), the term first appeared in ancient India where it was passed from teacher to student as an oral tradition. The term yoga is a Sanskrit word which was coined from the root yug meaning to unite. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Many Different Reasons For Yoga" essay for you Create order Patanjali, who was known as The Father of Yoga, wrote The Yoga Sutras where he transferred the oral tradition of yoga into text. He explained in the text how yoga allowed one to heal and unite both the body and the mind. Westerners were first introduced to yoga through hatha yoga, one form of yoga which focuses on preparing the body for meditation. It employs the uses of asanas (poses) and pranayama (breathing exercises) which are both used in modern western yoga routines. Yoga is done today because of many different reasons. It can help increase ones flexibility, mental fortitude, etc. Some do it to escape from the pressures of the real world. Others do yoga because of the many health benefits that come with it. According to Field (2016), some of the many reasons people do yoga are to increase energy levels, enhance their immune systems, and prevent diseases. From that data, it was found that around 21 million people in America have done yoga in 2015. This is mainly because yoga is becoming widely popular amongst the female population. Though that is the case, yoga is certainly not just for women as both men and women can participate in it and receive its benefits (Winter 2011). Field (2016) found that yoga has been beneficial to students through her review of a variety of different yoga studies conducted over the past few years. Field identified yoga studies done on grade school, high school, university, and graduate students. The studies described grade school students having improved self-esteem and mood with a decrease in anxiety and tension. High school students who did yoga had on average higher GPAs than students who did not do yoga. In addition, troubled high schoolers who did yoga found themselves to be overall more sociable and compliant to school rules. The university students reported having more positive emotions while their amount of negative emotions decreased. Finally, the graduate students reported having reduced levels of stress. Field (2016) also found that yoga was a great help in people with stress related disorders, anxiety related disorders, depression, and overeating. According to Fields findings, yoga helped those with PTSD by decreasing PTSD symptoms and any other symptoms that generally come with having PTSD (the study mentioned alcohol use and drug abuse). Those with anxiety related disorders found themselves having lower levels of anxiety and better physiological functions. In the study with overeaters, those in the yoga group had a reduction in eating in response to emotional distress. Those in the control group did not have similar findings. In Fields (2016) research, she found that a large portion of the yoga studies had similar limitation in their findings. The main limitation was that it was difficult to analyze the effects of yoga. Since yoga is essentially a mix of breathing techniques, poses, and meditation, it is difficult to separate yoga into three parts to individually analyze the effects of each. In addition to that, the results of yoga sessions widely vary among participants. People who already have experience in yoga will have different results from people who do not. Thus, the participants must be hand-picked as having a group of beginners and experienced people would be troublesome.

Rhetorical Essay Sample Paragraph - 835 Words

Shelby Smith Smith 1 English Composition 1010 July 2, 2012 Rhetorical Essay -Sample Paragraph The Legalization of Marijuana in America Should America legalize an illegal drug, as way out of the economical downfall we have found ourselves in? A popular article appeared in April of 2009 in Times magazine, catching millions of readers’ attention. The article was titled, â€Å"Why Legalizing Marijuana Makes Sense† and was written by Joe Klein. Cannabis, America’s drug of choice for the past eighty-five years has been a plant otherwise known as marijuana or weed. Everyday millions of American dollars are circulated illegally through the drug market. The article shed light on a subject that was beginning to be more popular than†¦show more content†¦The prices coming from the actual sentencing side of the crimes caused by the drug is what is drawing an argument cause to legalize the drug. Another journalist named Webb, pointed out in a cover story in Parade magazine, the U.S. is, by far, the most criminal country in the world, with 5% of the worlds population and 25% of its prisoners. America spends nearly $68 billion dollars per year on corrections, and a large percentage of those being corrected are from serving time for nonviolent drug crimes. The U.S. spends about $150 billion dollars on policing and courts, and 47.5% of drug arrests are related to marijuana. Klein argues that it is a lot of money that could be spent on school or returned to the public, since the majority of it is nonfederal. Klein writes in the article, further explaining, that there are serious moral arguments that rise to the surface when it comes to legalizing pot. He claims that there are some people who have the mindset that smokers of marijuana also known as â€Å"pot-heads† cannot be taken seriously, which is a good argument. But he continues, in the article, to compare the drug’s unhealthy benefits to those of McDonald’s and alcohol. He writers to persuade readers by arguing health factors from the abuse of McDonald’s may be just as bad or worse than the abuse of marijuana, because of potential health care cost. He also validates his argument with the effects of alcohol, by claiming that it can be more dangerous in aShow MoreRelatedRhetorical Analysis of a Public Document Assignment Essay926 Words   |  4 PagesDraft of a Rhetorical Analysis of a Public Document Assignment Goal Write a 750-1,000-word essay that analyzes the rhetorical situation of a public document. This public document is the Centers for Disease Control’s (CDC) website on Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) found at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/adhd/facts.html. Your analysis should include at least TWO scholarly sources outside of class texts. Directions Complete a close reading of the assigned public documentRead MoreI Am A Foreign, Learning A Language, And An Argumentative Essay988 Words   |  4 Pagescollege years and the future. Throughout the semester, I have written a plethora of essays such as a rhetorical analysis, comparative review, annotated bibliography, exploratory, and an argumentative essay. Since it is my first time writing these types of essays, I struggled at first trying to figure out how to start the essays; however, our professor assisted us and showed us sample essays that help us write our essays. I’ am very thankful that i managed to take this course because i have learned aRead MoreMy Portfolio Of The Semester1148 Words   |  5 Pagespieces of writing and this reflective essay. I have decided to discuss what I have learned throughout these four pieces developing my voice within the two rhetorical analyses, developing my grammar skills further during the argument paper, and developing my investigati on skills during the research paper. This first two assignments were very difficult at first because I wasn’t quite sure what to write or even how to write an analysis. I tried reading the samples we were given and that helped, but whatRead MoreAcademic Writing Analysis Example969 Words   |  4 PagesThe essay aims to persuade the audience (i.e. tutor) against human cloning and expresses the author’s lack of competency in presenting his arguments. Based on the channel chosen to convey his message, the essay is, to a large extent, an ineffective piece of academic writing upon evaluation of its content, language and organization of arguments. This essay critique analyses and evaluates the above points. 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College writing is entirely different from high school writing. I always have trouble with grammar when I write English essays, and it’s harder for me to learn and improve my skills in a short amount of time. I’m a young woman who transferredRead MoreOutline Of The Oklahoma City Bombing1665 Words   |  4 Pagesedu/1929038/American_Terror_From_Oklahoma_City_to_9_11_and _After   http://www.adl.org/combating-hate/domestic-extremism-terrorism/c/the-significance-of-o klahoma-city-bombing.html                                       Thesis  Statement  Guide  Results      Thesis  Statement  Model  #1:  Sample  Thesis  Statement      Due  to  the  Oklahoma  City  Bombing,  U.S.  citizens  are  corrected  of  their  stereotypical  thoughts   towards  terrorismÍ ¾Ã‚  Terrorists  are  commonly  NOT  Muslims  or  foreign  enemies.      Thesis  Statement  Model  #2:  Thesis  with  Concession      Read MoreThe Rattler Essay1641 Words   |  7 PagesLiterary Terms to Know Literary Term | Words that mean the same or can be used in conjunction with the term. | Style Analysis | Author’s use of styleAuthor’s use of languageAuthor’s use of rhetorical strategies | Tone | Mood, Attitude | Diction | Word Choice, Language, Figurative Language,Figures of Speech | Detail | Imagery | Point of View | Narrator, Perspective | Organization | Narrative Structure: chronological order, cause and effect, order of importance, flash-forward,Read MoreThe Mom2180 Words   |  9 Pages | | | |Alternate reality, science-fiction (as a genre), flashback, synthesis essay, | |Anticipatory Set or Introduction|What activity will focus attention on the subject matter of the upcoming lesson unit, establishing a mental set to pique the | |to Lesson Unit Read Moreen1320 graded assignments 11131313296 Words   |  54 PagesGenre Essay—Memoir or Profile 12 Unit 3 Assignment 1: Revising the Memoir or Profile 13 Unit 3 Assignment 2: Reflection on Essay Writing 14 Unit 3 Exercise 1: Analyzing Paragraphs 15 Unit 3 Exercise 2: Guided Reading 16 Unit 4 Lab 1: Revised and Polished Essay—Memoir or Profile 21 Unit 4 Project Part 1: Team Roles and Selection of Materials for Analysis 22 Unit 4 Assignment 1: Rà ©sumà © 24 Unit 4 Assignment 2: Cover Letter 25 Unit 4 Exercise 1: Guided Reading 26 Unit 5 Assignment 1: Genre Essay—Proposal

Pm Tests Free Essays

Week 2 : Planning the Project: Scope and Responsibilities – Quiz ————————————————- Top of Form Time Remaining:  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  | 1. (TCO A) Projects have specific attributes. Which of the following is not an attribute? (Points : 5)|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Has a sponsor or customer. We will write a custom essay sample on Pm Tests or any similar topic only for you Order Now Has interdependent tasks. Utilizes various resources. All of the above are project attributes. | 2. (TCO A) Which step of the project life cycle involves identification of a need, problem, or opportunity? (Points : 5)|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Initiating Planning Performing Closing | 3. TCO B) For a project, the objective is usually defined in terms of which three items? (Points : 5)|   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Scope, schedule, and cost Schedule, plan, and controls Plan, scope, and packages Scope, cost and controls | 4. (TCO A) a) If the project scope is increased, what are the likely steps that the project manager would take with regards to the other triple constraints? Why? (15 points) b) If the project schedule is relaxed or lengthened, what is the impact on quality? (15 points)  (Points : 30)According to the triple constraints: â€Å"Scope, Time, Cost†. All three of these impact the quality depending on which trade off is affecteda) The longer a project takes to complete, the more it will impact the quality of the project as a whole. b) Being relaxed or expanding the time frame for completion will impact scope and cost. Why? More money and less time to complete the work package deliverables. | 5. (TCO B) You are reaching the end of your graduate school program, and are planning a large party to celebrate your success! You have rented out the local forest preserve as the venue for your party. Applying your project management skills, you want to ensure you have everything planned out and you’ve asked your family and friends to be a part of your team to hold this party. At your party, you have made it clear to your team what you want to have delivered. After all, it’s your party – you can have whatever you want! Some of the key items you want at your party include: * Graduation announcements * Party invitations * Live entertainment * Games (for adults and for children) * Food * Beverages * Convenience for all (parking, restroom facilities, etc. a) To ensure you have a clear scope for your team, create a 2-level WBS. Don’t forget to include your WBS numbering. (20 points) b) In your WBS, how many work packages have been created? (10 points)  (Points : 30)Level 11. 0 Graduation 1. 1 Graduation announcements 1. 2 Party invitations 1. 3 Live entertainment 1. 4 Games (for adults and for children)Level 22. 0 Food and Services 2. 1 Beverages 2. 2 Rest room facilities 2. 3 Valet Parking  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  | | Time Remaining:  |   Ã‚  Ã‚  | Bottom of Form How to cite Pm Tests, Papers

Sex education problems and its solution free essay sample

Sex education in Malaysia at present be taught informally. Should sex education be introduced in school syllabus in Malaysia? Before answering this question, we must to indicate the problems and its solution. The main problem is the limited knowledge about body and sexuality among Malaysian teenagers. Due to sensitivity of this issue, it makes the adolescents receive inadequate education, guidance and services on reproductive health. This will led them vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases and infections. Also, rape cases in Malaysia will be increasing from time to time. Another problem is Malaysian adolescents and youth, especially girls, face daunting reproductive and sexual health problem: unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions maternal mortality and morbidity, violence, sexually transmitted diseases and infections, exploitation and discrimination on the basis of gender and sexual orientation. The sex education should be introduced to increase the sexual awareness among youths. Sexuality education enables them to make informed decisions when they become young adults later in preventing unintended pregnancies, baby dumping and getting sexually transmitted diseases (Kamaruzaman, 2012). We will write a custom essay sample on Sex education: problems and its solution or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page A good sex education will help today’s youths to acquire accurate sexual information and make decisions about their sexual behaviours more wisely (Ramis, 2013). From the religious point of view, sex education can be taught in a way that informs young people about sexuality in scientific and moral terms. The moral and religious aspects of sexuality can be incorporated either in schools of a particular religious denomination or in adjunctive coursework offered by religious institutions. Regardless of the challenges of each society, young people must be adequately informed. In some Muslim communities, individuals are encouraged to marry at young ages. They need to be educated regarding sexuality prior to the marriage such that they know what to expect and can consider their options for birth control prior to consummating the marriage. In conclusion, sex education is the solution of all those problems stated if it be taught in a correct way. In our opinion, sex education should be introduced in school syllabus in Malaysia but it must be focused on preventing those problems. Approx. 340 words. References Kamaruzaman, A. (2012, February 29). Sex education helps young be responsible. The Star. Retrieved on 25th January 2013. Ramis, T. S. (2013, June 27). Sex Education in Malaysia. Free Malaysia Today. Retrieved on 25th January 2013. Outline of Term Paper Sex Education: Problems and Its Solutions INTRODUCTION: Thesis statement: Should sex education be introduced in school syllabus in Malaysia? Before answering this question, we must to indicate the problems and its solution. PROBLEM 1: Limited knowledge about body and sexuality among Malaysian teenagers. A. The adolescents receive inadequate education, guidance and services on reproductive health. B. Vulnerable to sexually transmitted diseases and infections. Adolescents face daunting reproductive and sexual health problem. A. Unintended pregnancies and unsafe abortions maternal mortality and morbidity, violence, sexually transmitted diseases and infections. B. Exploitation and discrimination on the basis of gender and sexual orientation. SOLUTION 1: Increase the sexual awareness among youths. A. Sexuality education enables them to make informed decisions when they become young adults later. B. Help today’s youths to acquire accurate sexual information and make decisions about their sexual behaviours more wisely. SOLUTION 2: From religious point of view. A. Moral and religious aspects of sexuality can be incorporated either in schools of a particular religious denomination or in adjunctive coursework offered by religious institutions. B. Need to be educated regarding sexuality prior to the marriage such that they know what to expect and can consider their options for birth control prior to consummating the marriage. CONCLUSION: Restatement: Sex education is the solution of all problems stated. Suggestion: Sex education should be introduced in school syllabus in Malaysia but it must be focused on preventing those problems. Quotation and Idiomatic Expression: â€Å"Prevention is much better than cure†

Inspector to dominate the audience Essays

Inspector to dominate the audience Essays Inspector to dominate the audience Essay Inspector to dominate the audience Essay Each character is punished in an appropriate way. Birling fears for his familys reputation at the inquest; Sheila feels shame for her selfishness; Gerald has his affair revealed in front of Sheila; Mrs Birling has her illusions about the respectability of her family shattered by Eric; and Eric is revealed before his indulgent parents as a spoilt and inadequate young man. In each case, however the punishment is a consequence of their own behaviour; the Inspector himself does not bring punishment from outside. This may be why they are given a second chance at the end of the play that their experience should have been a warning to them, and that next time, it is the prediction in the Inspectors final speech that lies in store for them and for the audience: Fire, blood and anguish. Priestleys audience would have the benefit of hindsight and would know of the years to follow. This heightens the mystery surrounding the inspector. He represents the future, and is the Birlings chance of repentance, but only Eric and Sheila actually realise this. They must decide whether to change or not Sheila and Eric, being young and still impressionable, do, realising the mistakes of the previous generations. The Birlings and Gerald, being set in their ways and having a distrustful short-sighted disposition, do not. Throughout the play the Inspector demonstrates how people are responsible for how they affect the lives of others; his views are summed up in his dramatic final speech: that we are members of one body. We are responsible for each other. Responsibility is one of the plays key themes, and the Inspector is Priestleys vehicle for putting across his own views of this as a socialist. In this final speech, he is speaking as much to the audience as to the characters on stage. His words here are a warning to future generations not to repeat the selfish mistakes that led to the fire and blood and anguish of two World Wars and the depression of capitalism in the years between them. The Inspector is the medium for the events of the play: without his intervention, none of the characters secrets would have been revealed. Mr Birling could not see that he did anything wrong in sacking a troublemaker; Sheila thought her rather spiteful jealousy of a pretty shop-assistant was not anything very terrible at the time; Gerald needed to conceal his involvement with the girl to protect his own interests; Mrs Birling is too cold ever to have known what the girl was feeling, whilst the effect seems lost on her; and Eric had resorted to theft, which he also needed to conceal. Without the Inspectors purposefulness, each character could not or would not have acknowledged their behaviour. Priestley is trying to rouse the audience into taking a long, hard, critical look at themselves, money and power are supposed to be a privilege not a weapon to make yourself look big. He is saying that there should be more equality and we shouldnt take our lifestyles for granted. We should also take responsibility for our actions or we could end up in an awful situation, just as the Birlings and Gerald did when they received the phone call at the end of the play to say an inspector was on his way round. Priestley is trying to convert people by using this play as a socialist piece of propaganda only showing the necessary parts of the story to create the desired effect. Priestley wants the Inspector to dominate the audience. At the time the drama was conceived World War II had scarred society and European minds. The play was a moralistic mystery that made the audience think. The Inspector himself is used as a dramatic device in that the play gives you time to change your actions towards others, that is before An Inspector calls on you, to teach you in blood and fire and in anguish.

Deplete

Deplete Deplete Deplete By Maeve Maddox A reader questions the following use of depleting: The following headline appeared in Jamaicas leading newspaper today: My Savings are depleting. What am I doing wrong? The reader suggests changing â€Å"My savings are depleting† to â€Å"My savings are being depleted.† Like the reader, I thought the headline sounded wrong. â€Å"Savings are being depleted† sounds more idiomatic to my ear than â€Å"savings are depleting,† but I would have changed deplete to a different verb entirely: â€Å"My savings are diminishing† or â€Å"My savings are running out.† Deplete is from the Latin verb deplere. The de- is a negative prefix added to the verb plere, â€Å"to fill.† Deplere is â€Å"to bring down or undo the fullness of, to empty out.† It can also mean, â€Å"to let blood.† The intransitive use of deplete in the sense of â€Å"running out† or â€Å"becoming exhausted† appears frequently in environmental contexts with subject words like supplies and resources: Groundwater  supplies are depleting  at rapid rates around the world. More water is being taken out than put back in by natural replenishment (recharge), and supplies are depleting  as a result. The worlds  resources are depleting  because of a population that is out of control.   Although frequent in officialese, this intransitive use sounds odd to me. More idiomatic is to follow deplete with an object, as in these examples: My husbands  lack of employment is  depleting our  lifes savings. That section [of a law] limits the production and consumption of a set of chemicals known to  deplete  the stratospheric ozone. Charter  schools  severely  deplete  the resources  available  to the existing public schools. The following examples would be improved by substituting diminishing or running out for depleting: This [dog] is currently in Chicago with a trainer getting evaluated and learning some more manners but that time is depleting and she is needing a home not the shelter to go back to. I found  my patience depleting  by the minute.   My health is failing and  my friends are depleting. Perhaps some writers or speakers choose deplete in an attempt to avoid a clichà ©, but sometimes a clichà © is less distracting than the unfamiliar use of a word. For example, time is usually said to â€Å"run out.† Patience â€Å"wears thin.† As one grows old, â€Å"friends pass away.† Sometimes deplete is the wrong choice entirely, as in this comment on a site about dental care: It seems my gums are  depleting. Deplete connotes an emptying out of an exhaustible quantity. Gums recede, but they don’t deplete. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Arrive To vs. Arrive At50 Types of Propaganda13 Theatrical Terms in Popular Usage

Ecconomic globalization Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ecconomic globalization - Essay Example tion has led to economic growth by increasing the aggregate demand which increases exports as well as increasing aggregate supply through higher levels of investments that are associated with globalization. Globalization has led to destruction of jobs in the manufacturing sector and increase of jobs in the service sector. In addition to that, globalization has led to the increased demand of skilled labour and reduced demand of unskilled labour. This is because firms have shifted their some of their productions stages to countries with cheap labour only leaving the ones that required highly skilled man power within the USA. This has led to widening income gap in the United States of America (Hanson, 2006). Globalization has impacted positively on export and import trade in the USA. This increased trade has led to increase in the GDP of the country. However the effect of globalization on balance of payment is uncertain and it hugely depends on the relative growth rates, exchange rates and

Reflecting On Practice in Professional Experience Essay

Reflecting On Practice in Professional Experience - Essay Example With lofty ideals, its vision is to produce thinking, articulate and enriched young adults through the facilitation of an excellent teaching staff and state of the art facilities and equipment. The school maintains harmonious relationships between the teachers, students, faculty and the parent community which is one key to stimulated learning in the students because stakeholders cooperate to provide students with productive learning experiences (from school website). Apart from delivering high quality education, students are encouraged to develop their potentials to optimum levels with several opportunities in various school events, clubs and other extra-curricular activities. Their learning is well-invested into, and on my first day, I was already impressed with the provisions for the students: â€Å"Overall, from what I have observed on the first day, this school seems to have more funding due to the large number of students they have here. The school were very multi-cultural due to the surge of the migrants to this area. There were too many students that some classes are being held in the library. There are many newly-built portable classrooms and most of which are the smart, eco-friendly classrooms. This is to cater for the booming population in this area. I could also see that they are installing some new LED TVs in a lot of classrooms too. They had also had a brand new VCE Centre for senior students to study there with some new computers, a tearoom equipped with oven, microwave, dishwasher as well as two BBQ stoves outside.† (Journal notes, Day 1). However, much of what the students will learn will greatly depend on the quality of the teachers and the education they provide. Teachers need to be adept in knowing the students as learners and how they learn and thrive within various social contexts. They also need to have an understanding of the subject matter which they teach and the skills that their students need to develop as well as an understand ing of how to teach the content and adapt it to the learners’ context. This, they learn from assessing the students and supported by a conducive learning environment (National Academy of Education Committee on Teacher Education, 2005). The specific learning context of the class I taught was for a Year 10 LOTE (Language Other Than English) – Chinese class. These students in this class were all from Asian backgrounds but learn Chinese as their second language. Most of them grew up in Australia and have limited opportunities to speak the Chinese language or Chinese dialects with their family. Most of the students come from middle-class families. Their parents’ occupation and attitude have great impact on the students’ personalities and behaviour. I have observed that some students with parents working in more corporate settings and exposed to multicultural workmates tend to be more eager to learn Chinese in order to survive in an increasingly globalized worl d. Table 3: Students as Learners. Section 2: Planning and Teaching Planning The tasks planned were for a Year 10 class of mostly sixteen year old adolescents, It was for a LOTE subject with Chinese language as the learning area. Veering away from more traditional strategies such as reliance on textbooks, recitation, quizzes and examinations, I have designed some learning tasks that incorporated the use of ICT and involved active learning experiences on

Server Architectures of Existing Presence Services

Server Architectures of Existing Presence Services In this section, we describe the system model, and the search problem. Formally, we assume the geographically distributed presence servers to form a server to-server overlay network, G = (V,E), where V is the set of the Presence Server (PS) nodes, and E is a collection of ordered pairs of V . Each PS node ni ∈ V represents a Presence Server and an element of E is a pair (ni,nj) ∈ E with ni,nj ∈ V . Because the pair is ordered, (nj,ni) ∈ E is not equivalent to (ni,nj) ∈ E. So, the edge (ni,nj) is called an outgoing edge of ni, and an incoming edge of nj. The server overlay enables its PS nodes to communicate with one another by forwarding messages through other PS nodes in the server overlay. Also, we denote a set of the mobile users in a presence service as U = {u1,,ui,,um}, where 1 ≠¤ i ≠¤ m and m is the number of mobile users. A mobile user ui connects with one PS node for search other user’s presence information, and to notify the other mo bile users of his/her arrival. Moreover, we define a buddy list as following. Buddy list, Bi = {b1,b2,,bk} of user ui ∈ U, is defined as a subset of U, where 0 i ∈ Bj implies uj ∈ Bi.For example, given a mobile user up is in the buddy list of a mobile user uq, the mobile user uq also appear in the buddy list of the mobile user up. Note that to simplify the analysis of the Buddy-List Search Problem, we assume that buddy relation is a symmetric. However, in the design of Presence Cloud, the relation of buddies can be unilateral because the search operation  of PresenceCloud can retrieve the presence of a mobile user by given the ID of the mobile user. Problem Statement: Search Problem When a mobile user ui changes his/her presence status, the presence service searches presence information of mobile users in buddy list Bi of ai and notifies each of them of the presence of ai and also notifies ai of these online buddies. The Search Problem is then defined as designing a server architecture of presence service such that the costs of searching and notification in communication and storage are reduced. 1.2 Motivation Because of the increasing of the Internet, mobile devices and cloud computing environments can provide presence-enabled applications, i.e., social network applications/services, worldwide. Facebook , Twitter, Foursquare, Google Latitude , buddycloud and Mobile Instant Messaging (MIM) , are examples of presence-enabled applications that have grown rapidly in the last decade. Social network services are changing the ways in which They exploit the information about the status of participants including their appearances and activities to interact with their friends. The huge availability of mobile devices (e.g., Smartphones) that utilize wireless mobile network technologies, social network services enable participants to share presence experiences instantly across great distances. For example, Facebook receives more than 75 billion shared items every month and Twitter receives more than 60 million tweets each day. In the future, mobile devices will become more popular than today, sensing and media capture devices. Hence, we believe it is useful and social network services will be the next generation of mobile Internet applications. A mobile presence service is an important component of social network services in cloud computing environments. The key function of a mobile presence service is to maintain an present list of presence information of all mobile users. The presence information includes details about a mobile clients or user location, availability, activity, device capability, and their choices. The service must also bind the this clients ID to his/her current presence information, as well as retrieve and subscribe to changes in the presence information of the user’s friends. In social network services, each mobile user has a friend list, typically called a buddy list, which contains the contact information of other users that he/she wants to communicate with. The mobile user’s status is known automatically to each person on the buddy list whenever he/she moves from one location to the other. For example, when a mobile user logs into a social network application, such as an Instant Messagi ng system, through his/her mobile device, the mobile presence service searches for and notifies everyone on the user’s buddy list. To maximize a mobile presence service’s search speed and minimize the notification time, most presence services use server cluster technology. Currently, more than 400 million people use social network services on the Internet. Given the growth of social network applications and mobile network capacity, it is expected that the number of mobile presence service users will increase substantially in the near future. Thus, a scalable mobile presence service is deemed essential for future Internet applications. In the last decade, many Internet services have been deployed in distributed paradigms as well as cloud computing applications. For example, the services developed by Google and Facebook are spread among as many distributed servers as possible to support the huge number of users worldwide. Thus, we explore the relationship between distributed presence servers and server network topologies on the Internet, and propose an efficient and scalable server-to-server overlay architecture called PresenceCloud to improve the scalability of mobile presence services for large-scale social network services. First, we examine the server architectures of existing presence services, and introduce the search problem in distributed presence architectures in large-scale geographically data centers. The search problem is a scalability problem that occurs when a distributed presence service is overloaded with buddy search messages. Then, we discuss the architecture of PresenceCloud, a scalable server-to-server architecture that can be used as a building block for mobile presence services. The rationale behind the architecture of PresenceCloud is to distribute the information of millions of users among thousands of presence servers on the Internet. To avoid single point of failure, no single presence server is supposed to maintain all the information about all users. PresenceCloud arranges presence servers into a quorum-based server-to-server architecture to facilitate efficient searching. It also leverages the server overlay and a directed buddy search algorithm to achieve small constant search latency; and employs an active caching strategy that substantially reduces the number of messages generated by each search for a list of searching process. We analyze the performance of PresenceCloud and two other architectures, a Mesh-based scheme and a Distributed Hash Table based scheme. Through simulations, we also c ompare the performance of the three approaches in terms of the number of messages generated and the search satisfaction which we use to denote the search response time and the buddy notification time. The results demonstrate that PresenceCloud achieves major performance gains in terms of reducing the number of messages to reduce network traffic without sacrificing search satisfaction. Thus, PresenceCloud can support a large-scale applications distributed among thousands of servers on the Internet. The contribution of this paper is threefold. First, PresenceCloud is among the imporatanta architecture for mobile presence services. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that shown the architecture of presence cloud that significantly best than those based distributed hash tables. PresenceCloud can also be utilized by Internet social network applications and services that need to replicate or search for mutable and dynamic data among distributed presence servers. The second contribution is that we analyze the scalability problems of distributed presenceserver architectures, and define a new problem called the buddy-list search problem. Through our mathematical formula, the scalability problem in the distributed server architectures of mobile presence services is analyzed. Finally, we analyze the performance complexity of Presence- Cloud and different designs of distributed architectures, and evaluate to prove the applications of PresenceCloud. 1.3 Existing System In this section, we describe the previous research on presence services, and survey the presence service of existing systems. Well known commercial Instant Messaging systems has some form of centralized clusters to provide presence services. Jennings III et al. presented a taxonomy of different features and functions supported by the three most popular Instant Messaging systems and Yahoo! Messenger. The authors also provided an overview of the system architectures and observed that the systems use client-server-based architectures. Skype, a popular voice over Internet Protocol application, utilizes the Global Index (GI) technology to provide a presence service for clients and people. Global Index is a multi-tiered network architecture where each node maintains full knowledge of all available clients connected to it. Since Skype is not an open protocol, it is difficult to determine how GI technology is used for presence services. Moreover, Xiao et al. analyzed the traffic of MSN and A IM system. They found that the presence information is one of most network traffic in instant messaging systems. In, authors shown that the largest message traffic in existing presence services is buddy NOTIFY messages. 1.4 Limitations of Existing System This system allows makes congestion in the network. It is not applicable for large scale network. It increases the search latency. 1.5 Proposed System Recently, there is an increase amount of interest in how to design a peer-to-peer Session Initiation Protocol. P2PSIP has been developed to remove the the disadvantages of centralized server, reduce costs, and prevent loses due to failures in server-based SIP deployment. To maintain presence information, P2PSIP clients are organized in a Distributed Hash Tables system, rather than in a centralized server. However, the presence service architectures of Jabber and P2PSIP are distributed, the buddy-list search problem we defined later also could affect such distributed systems. It is noted that few papers in discuss about the scalability issues of the distributed presence server architecture. Saint Andre observed the traffic generated as a result of presence information between users of inter-domains that support the XMPP. Houri et al. Show that the amount of presence traffic in SIMPLE can be extremely high, and they analyze the effect of a large presence system on the memory CPU loading. Those works in study related problems and developing an initial set of guidelines for optimizing inter-domain presence traffic and present a DHT-based presence server architecture. Recently, presence services are also developed in the mobile services. For example, 3GPP has defined the integration of presence service into its specification in UMTS. It is based on SIP protocol, and uses SIMPLE to manage presence information. Recently, some mobile devices also support mobile presence services. For example, the Instant Messaging and Presence Services (IMPS) was developed by the Wireless Village consortium and was united into Open Mobile Alliance (OMA) IMPS in 2005. In, Chen et al. proposed a weakly consistent scheme to reduce the number of updating messages in mobile presence services of IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS). However, it also suffers scalability problem since it uses a central SIP server to perform presence update of mobile users. In, authors presented the server scalability and distributed management issues in IMS-based presence service. CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE SURVEY Chapter – 2 Literature Survey 2.1 Introduction In this section, we describe previous researches on presence services, and survey the presence service of existing systems 2.2 Related Paper Discussions 2.2.1 Title: A study of internet instant messaging and chat protocols Year: 2006 Author: R. B. Jennings, E. M. Nahum, D. P. Olshefski, D. Saha, Z.-Y. Shae, Description: Well known commercial Instant Messaging systems has some form of centralized clusters to maintain presence services. Jennings III presented a taxonomy of different features and functions supported by the three most popular Instant Messaging systems, AIM, Microsoft MSN and Yahoo! Messenger. The authors also provided a description of the system architectures and analized that the systems use client-server-based architectures. 2.2.2 Title: Understanding instant messaging traffic characteristics Year: 2007 Author: Z. Xiao, L. Guo, and J. Tracey Description: Xiao analyzed the traffic of MSN and AIM system. They observed and got that the presence information is one of most messaging traffic in instant messaging systems 2.2.3 Title: Ims presence server: Traffic analysis and performance modelling Year: 2008 Author: C. Chi, R. Hao, D. Wang, and Z.-Z. Cao, Description: In this, authors shown that the huge message traffic in existing presence services is searching the locations ,buddies etc. 2.2.4 Title: Peer-to-peer internet telephony using sip Year:2009 Author: K. Singh and H. Schulzrinne Description: Now a days, there is an increase amount of interest in how to design a peer-to-peer Session Initiation Protocol . Peer to Peer SIP has been developed to remove the centralized server, reduce maintenance costs, and prevent disadvantages in server-based SIP deployment. To maintain presence information, P2PSIP clients are arranged in a DHT system, rather than in a centralized server. However, the presence service architectures of Jabber and P2PSIP are distributed, the search problem we defined later also could affect such distributed systems.

An Epic Story: Sundiata Essay

What makes a story truly epic? Is it the qualities of the characters within the story? Is it the story itself? Is it the sense of destiny or Fate that the story creates for the reader? Is it the way said story is written? Whether a story requires only one or all of these characteristics, the book â€Å"Sundiata and Epic of Old Mali† is a truly epic tale. The story tells the life of a great king in Mali named Maghan Sundiata. Born to an unfortunate looking mother, he is slow and weak at the beginning of life. Sundiata doesn’t start walking until he is seven years old but once he stands he stands tall. He is a natural leader and has all the qualities of a paragon protagonist. He is smart, kind, merciful, and fair as well as strong, willful, powerful and skilled. Choosing exile from his home city, and rightful throne, in order to protect his sisters he finds himself in a position of leadership in another city. After he leaves Mali it is invaded by and evil king showing all the characteristics of and epic antagonist. King Soumaoro Kante is narcissistic, cruel, petty, sadistic and ruthless as well as smart, powerful and most of all cowardly. They are joined in battle twice; both times the victory is Sudiata’s and both times Soumaoro Kante runs away. Soumaoro’s city is sacked and he is left powerless while Sundiata not only wins his kingdom back but also gains many allies and friends because of his truly good personality. If a story is made epic by its characters than surely the perfect paragon of Sundiata and the extreme evil of Soumaoro are epic enough to fulfill and epic requirement. If one judges an epic by the story being told than â€Å"Sundiata an Epic Tale of Old Mali† is also a worthy candidate for an epic tale. Starting from the weakest in the city and becoming the strongest in the Kingdom, Sundiata’s life in itself is epic enough. The story is told through the point of view of a griot named Mamadou Kouyate. A griot is many things in the society of Mali and thr oughout much of Africa. He is an Historian, an advisor, a mediator, an entertainer but most of all he is the culture of an entire society of people. Understanding the culture of the society in which this story comes, one would, without question, consider the griot Mamadou Kouyate on par with the likes of Homer and the author(s) of Beowulf. This is possibly partially because of his perspective but definitely because of his beautiful use of  the marvelous in order to beautify the story and make it personal to the reader or listener. The way the story is told enraptures an audience like any true epic should. Within all great epics there is an obvious theme of someone’s destiny. Sundiata is given a destiny at a young age, as predicted by a seer before his birth, and fulfills it with purity of heart. He faces many trials and tribulations along the way but never once does he give into darkness. Never once does he give up and decide he’s done enough. Not until all his people are freed, all debts are paid, and his kingdom is returned does the story end. This is a clear and perfect example of the sense of fate one requires of our epic heroes. Of all the traits of â€Å"Sundiata†¦Ã¢â‚¬  the characteristic that most earns it its epic status is the battle of good versus evil and the triumph of good. Not to be misunderstood with a novel tale of mediocre light and dark, the battle in this story speaks to the deepest depths of darkness and to the purest picture of paragon.

Handbook for health fitness - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 18 Words: 5314 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Health Essay Type Essay any type Did you like this example? Introduction Purpose of this handbook is to guide our management and reviews of projects in developing software management system for our client Health Fitness. Our client, Health Fitness wants to have software development management system to renew their system management become efficiently and user friendly. In handling this project, we need to prepare the guidelines for our working techniques, so that we will work based on the guidance to have a perfect project result. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Handbook for health fitness" essay for you Create order This handbook will detail all the workflow happens in this project, what we need for the project, what do will happen in the project, and prepare in handling risk management system when it is come. This handbook also to avoid mistakes in the past and we will try to not repeat it again. This handbook is very useful to make a project management working more efficiently. Following this handbook as a guideline in handling the project also help to reduce some conflict among project team. Because the guideline being agree should follow by all the project team, the procedures are clearly, and each team member will knows what are they duty and their responsibilities. Project Methodology Selection There are some methodologies usually used in the project management such as PRINCE2 (Project IN Controlled Environments), PMBOK (Project Management Body of Knowledge), IBMs Project Methodology Method, etc. Why use a project management methodology? Without a project management method, people who work in a project team will have many different ideas about how to do the best project, and that all ideas should be organize well so the project can be done completely without any mistakes. A good project management method will manage the project very well and controlled the organization working environment. (Copyright, PRINCE 2, 2002) PRINCE2 is a de facto standard used extensively by the UK government and is widely recognize and used in the private sector, both in the UK and Internationally. PRINCE2 adopts the principles of good project management to avoid the problem just identified and help to successful projects. The principles are : A project is a finite process with a definite start and end Project always need to be managed in order to be successful For genuine commitment to the project, all parties must be clear about why the project is needed, what it is intended to achieved, how to outcome is to be achieved and what their responsibilities are in that achievement. (Copyright, PRINCE 2, 2002) PRINCE2 provides the organization with ; Controlled management of change, in terms of investment and return on investment Active involvement of users and stakeholders throughout the project to ensure that the product will meet the business functional, environmental, service and management requirements An approach which distinguishes the management of the project from the development of the products, so that the management approach is the same whether the project is to build a ship or implement new working practices (Copyright, PRINCE 2, 2002) PRINCE2 is chosen for this project development because it is perfect to meet the business in services, to develop the management requirement and implement new working practices. The organization will need to be aware with the opportunities in adopting a project approach in the way their business change. There are common structure of method for project management that brings a benefit for the organization ; A method is repeatable A method is teachable Building on experience Ensuring that everyone knows what to expect, where, how and then Early warning of problem Being proactive, not reactive but able to accommodate sudden or unexpected events. (Copyright, PRINCE 2, 2002) Proposed of the Project Our client Health Fitness has operating their fitness club for 3 years and they have ÂÂ ± 550 members. They want to recruit new member as much as possible and keep hold their old member to do not stopping the membership. Every month, their fitness club is always recruit new members, but on the other side some member also stopping the membership. It is a normal situation in the business world. However, the fitness club is still on the move and gets the profit every month. Propose of the project are to develop their software management system to be more efficient and user friendly. The software management system that need to be develop such as recruit new member database, maintain old member information database, maintain purchasing database, maintain staff database and financial database. The purpose of developing software management system besides to maintain database, is also to serve member in good service. Means, we try to avoid problems for the fitness club in servicing me mber such as double debt payment membership, class scheduling, personal trainer scheduling, and much more. If the fitness club never disappointed their member, they will have a good reputation and it is possible to be a recommend fitness club. The payment of membership can be done by credit card or bank account and also can be done by cash charge. Members also has a member card with numbers and barcode to identify members identity when they entering the clubs. Member should always bring their member card. Fee membership will be charge every 15 date of month. Our system is also to keep the information for those members who stopped their membership and never charge them again. Because, there are some complaint from ex-member that the club still charge him even he stopped his membership since 2 months ago. That is the mistakes from the old management system and now we want to fix it and try to prevent the mistakes. Project Initiation The key product for a process project is the project initiation documents, which describing of what, why, who, when and how of the project. There are some objectives that describing of project initiation means (Copyright, PRINCE 2, 2002); Explain what are the requirements for a product quality needed Planning and budgeting the project The project document is acceptable for a business case and it is validate Make sure that justifying the project process is clear and handle of the project risks Allow and support the project board to bring the owner of the project For the projects life decision-making is compulsory The team commitment is very important in a project process When the project team has decided to start the project, an agreement should be written and this agreement called by the project authorization. This agreement made for approval between the client and the project management to start the project. The agreement will detail the scope of the project should be done. This agreement called by Letter of Intent (LOI). Feasibility Studies In some situations, a feasibility study might be required to investigate the situation and determine options for the way ahead. Using PRINCE2, the optimum approach would be to handle the study as a separate and distinct project and then operate a second project to implement the results of the study. Project Plan, Business Case and set of risks. The possible options may each vary enormously in their cost and timescales. Each option would have a different Project Plan, Business Case and set of risks. Having chosen the appropriate option, the second project would proceed with a straightforward set of project information. (Crown Copyright, 2002) This is the important part in making process of the project. Feasibility study make to determine whether the project can be reasonable feasible or not. According to this report, feasibility study was made to making indication and analysis whether the proposed system from our organization will be feasible or not. Technical Feasibility Process for determine whether the organization has the technology resources to develop or purchase, install, and operate the system. In propose system there is server and desktop. The server contains the database for their member and the staff. All departments has own part job to the database server but each department already connected to one PC to another PC. The purposes are to redundancy for failure mistake, human error, and keep up to date for new information. The previous software are using in Windows operating system, even though now we are developing software management system, the software and hardware require in Windows only. So that, we will not changes the operating system into other requirement. Hardware For the PC server, our organization recommends The IBM x3200 as the PC server to reduce management cost for distributed applications. It supported with based systems management and the IBM Remote supervisor Adapter (RSA) II for advanced hardware management. Affordable uni-processor tower server for medium-sized business or distributed large enterprise. More availability management features than other systems in its class. IBM systems x3200 is able to help lower IT costs throughout its business lifecycle. The x3200 is not only affordable to purchase but also easy to manage, maintain, and keep up to date. With unprecedented system availability, x3200 can help to maximize uptime for your file and print or network infrastructure applications. For the PC, our organization recommends the company to purchase 100 more desktop computer for efficiency and flexibility to implement the propose system. LenovoTM 3000 J200 can be the choice for the company, the reason is that the price is not expensive and already had facilities and features. Product descriptions ; Processor Intel Dual Core E2140 operating at 1.60GHz, has 2.0GB of PC2-4200 DDR2 SDRAM, 320GB hard drive, DVDÂÂ ±R/RW, 56K V.92 modem, 6 USB 2.0 port, 1 parallel port, 1 serial port, 2 PS/ 2 ports, Intel Graphics Media Accelerator 950 with up to 256MB shared memory, Intel High Definition Audio. The price is RM850. Printer and scanner are also needed to be purchase. We recommend Epson stylus CX5500 series (included color printer, photocopy machine scanner) as an additional tool to work on. The price is RM250. Software The software requirements : Operating System For the operating system, I recommend for Windows XP Professional from Windows Corporation. The pluses of using this operating system in business are the fast method that be given, go mobile for the creator of business, this operating system also work smarter, improved reliability, security, performance and ease of use, setting the new standard in efficient and dependable computing. Those are needed by the company to improve the accessible of the system. Microsoft Office For Microsoft office, I am surely recommended to Microsoft Office 2003 because Microsoft Office 2003 is the successor from Microsoft XP Professional. For the database server, I propose to Microsoft Access 2003. Access 2003 provides a powerful set of tools that are sophisticated enough for professional developers, yet easy to to learn for new users. Based information from Amazon.com, with Access 2003, we can create or use powerful database solutions that make organizing, accessing, and sharing information easier than ever. The price is take around RM1000. Antivirus Antivirus is used to protect and against all illegal program when PC connect to the internet. Our organization recommends SymantecTM Endpoint Protection. According to Symantec website (www.symantec.com), they said their antivirus technology with advance threat prevention to deliver unmatched defense against malware for laptops, desktops, and servers. It provides protection against even the most sophisticated attacks that evade traditional security measures, such as rookits, zero-day attacks and mutating spyware. The price is RM150. Backup System Recovery Backup system recovery is used to backup database system from system loss or disaster. Our organization recommends SymantecTM Backup System Recovery solution for Microsoft Windows. The price is RM100 Database Security Database security is used to protect database activities from any damage, stolen and unexpected things. Our organization recommends SymantecTM Database Security to protect on the desktop system. The price is RM175. Web Server For the web server, the software that should use is goes to Sun Java. We can use the infrastructure software at no cost. Once we need assurance and support, Sun Java offers licensing and supports plans for purchase. For the install price is around RM50 Operational Feasibility Operationally feasibility is a process of a system to maintain how it does the system work properly. It will look at the system which is acceptable and effective to support business operational. Operational feasibility is also help to identify problems and finds the solution immediately. Our project is developing software management system. The system is requiring maintaining the members database, staffing database and also database for purchasing fitness machines. Parts of operational feasibility; Information The proposed of information system is to get all information from the company, about any benefits for being a member in Heath Fitness such as promotion membership fee, fee promotion for hiring personal trainer, and much more. Or it can be information about members personal information, and much more. Services Service requirements is to serve members in using excellent facilities, such as the newest fitness machines, choices class activities, cozy and comfortable environment, personal trainer, and much more. Economy The propose system will give the benefit cost or not. Propose system will give the benefits, because there is only maintain cost that the company should spend. Save much cost from unnecessary outcome. Control The propose system to control weekly or monthly invoicing in purchasing anything that related for facilities, to control customer membership fee, to control staff salaries and much more that need to be control. Economical Feasibility This involves the feasibility of the planned project to create economic benefits. A benefit-cost analysis and a manage analysis are important aspects of evaluating the economic feasibility of new industrial projects. The tangible and intangible aspects of a project should be translated into economic terms to facilitate a consistent basis for evaluation. (Web, 1998) Development Cost Man Hour Man hour is made to calculate the personnel who work in the project and detail the tasks of each personnel and their payment of being involve in this project. For team who involve in this project, we use a dedicated team. Why using a dedicate team? The reason is we want all the resources who involve in will focus on this project only so that we will get the best result for finishing the project. The prediction day to finishing this project is less than one and half month. There is a formula for calculating for people budgets. Firstly, we should calculate the day rate for each personnel. Secondly, we count the man day. Third, we multiply between day rate and man day to get the result of costs. This cost is for people budget who involve in this project. Most organizations must have established process for preparing budgets to control and monitor the projects. When preparing budgets, there are some listed that must include in such as human resources/ personnel cost, software and hardware budgets, and any other miscellaneous that related to the project. The project manager and the team member discuss and counting for the budgets and after decision is made they give it to the client and asked an approval from the client. If the client agreed with the budget had shown, the team can start to develop the project. As we mentioned before, for budgeting this project we use net present value. Function Point Function point method is the size of a system can be computed by three components which are information processing size (Unadjusted Function Points-UFP) and Technical complexity adjustment factors (TCF) and Function Points (FP). Those components are analyzed below : Unadjusted Function Points UFP This feature is also known as information processing size. This size is determined by identifying system components as five types namely external or logical inputs, outputs, inquiries, external interfaces to other systems and the logical internal files. These components are further weighted as simple, average or complex depending on their characteristics. Then the sum of all components is called as Unadjusted Function Points (UFP). Note that the total field in the figure is obtained by multiplication of count by chosen weight ( simple, average or complex). (www.ii.metu.edu.tr/-ion545/demo/section1.2.html) COCOMO COCOMO is a set of hierarchical sub models which are basic, intermediate and detailed sub models. Basic model aims a quick rough estimate from small to medium sized project. Intermediate model adds more accuracy to the basic model by involving some attributes related to product, computer to be used, project personnel and project ,in the calculations. Finally the detailed model adds two extra capabilities namely phase sensitive effort multipliers and three level product hierarchy. (www.ii.metu.edu.tr/-ion545/demo/section1.2.html) Schedule Feasibility Process of working during project management which is support with time table, completion date and task responsibilities to complete the project finish on time. Project schedule feasibility usually made using a Gantt chart to show each task completion date and the scope. Project Budget It is very important to calculate the hardware and software budget and other things that related to the project in details and carefully. Our organization need to describe all the software and hardware budgets to our client as clear as possible and it is exclude in project budget. The method that we will use to justify the entire project budget is using the work breakdown structure as shown below (Schwalbe, 2006); Project Selection Organizations should select for the potential project that taken for their strategic planning processes and based on the experiences project manager will help them in making decision in selecting the project. As authors Dennis Cohen and Robert Graham said Projects are never ends in themselves. Financially they are always a means to an end, cash. (Schwalbe, 2006). However, organization should make list of detail what type of potential project and what are the benefits for their organization. There are some techniques that commonly use in selecting the project (Schwalbe, 2006): Concentrate and focus with the organizations needed Select and listed the Information Technology projects Analysis the financial or net present value Using a weighted scoring model Implementing a balance scorecard Most of organizations are select net present value and return of investment for financial analysis to selecting their project management. Net present value (NPV) is method uses by the project management to count how get the net monetary gain or loss from the project by giving a discount from the project expected cash inflows and outflows for a long term. Based on Kathy Schwalbe on ITPM book an organization should consider only projects with a positive NPV if financial value is a key criterion for project selection. This is because a positive NPV means the return from a project exceeds the cost of capital-the return available by investing the capital elsewhere. Projects with higher NPVs are preferred to projects with lower NPVs, if all other factors are equal. (Schwalbe, 2006; p. 124) The other method that use by the project management for project selection processes is return of investment. Return of investment (ROI) is expecting the result that you invest on and bring a benefit to your investment in the next year. Return of investment is always in percentage and it can be positive or negative. (Schwalbe, 2006) We choose to use NPV and ROI for taking the benefit from project software management system. The reason is, we calculate the project budget as mentioned above and we count how much it will be our benefit in doing this project. We ensure to our client that they can manage well their system to invite new member and serve well their old member. If there has a good management system, their fitness club will serve their customer with satisfy, so that they will have a good reputation. We believe that our client will get the advantages by using our software management system. Project Plans Project management should begin after completing the entire project requirements such as resources, budgets, and the work breakdown structure are made. Project plans is to determine the project schedule, target delivery requirements, all the estimates must be fitted into the available time frame as best as they can. Most the project planning is time constrained because if the time that planned is restricted, the other requirements should be found the ways how to reschedule the entire project from the beginning. There are view steps in scheduling a project planning such as preparation, review, up-date, approval, and refresh. (Whitten, 1995) To planning the project, our organization will use finish-to-start activity relationships to develop the software management system. Means that, we will strictly start the next step after the first step is done (Whitten, 1995). As a professional project management, we want to ensure that the first step is completely finished then we will move on to the next step. With this kind of method that we can guarantee the project will be perfectly done. A lot of project failed, it cause of they fail to meet schedule expectation. Our organization already make the schedule for tasks phases, so that we will work based on that. Our personnel member already have schedule in their own duties and they will work based on the time schedule. Project Review In making a project, as a project management we need to discuss review the progress of the project, to see and to know whether there is any problem while working on the project. As well as possible, it is important to have meeting between the team member and the project manager to discuss any problem that they meet and looking for the solution. When the problem comes, let the customer knows it so that they will know how actively we are in doing projects. (Lock, 1996) In addition, we need identify how is the progress done and what kind of problem that comes in to the project and who is the responsible person at the time. We can write in on the form for every progress and any problem comes in. (Lock, 1996) Conduct of Project Meeting The project manager is responsible to arrange a weekly meeting with the team member of project. It is important to conduct a weekly meeting to discuss about the project progress or any problem in project. Our project management team suggested that it is better if we arrange meeting for every one week, it is important to prevent the trouble in doing project. If we have weekly meeting, we can discuss the problem and find the solution soon. We must write all topics that discuss during meeting and make minutes of meeting as a report to distribute to all team members, so that they can remember what kind of discussion and solution do we have during the meeting time. Frequency of progress meeting On project with short duration, detail progress is to be considered and the good case for monitoring the project progress is having a progress meeting frequently at least once a week. Internal reports to company management Progress report to company management will have a benefit for the company performance. Discussion of a report might activate important management decisions that can directly changes a contract policy or project organization. However, it is important that data relevant to the condition and management of the project are given trustily, if it necessary supports it with explanation or reasoned prediction. Reports to the client or customer Reporting the meeting result to the client could be one of the conditions of contract. Client will received the progress report from our organization but it is not the technically report. Client Review Meeting After conducting meeting between the project management and the team member, we also need to arrange a review of the total initial proposal. It is important to re-check whether the problem is solve or not within the previous step. If problem remain, it is concern to inform before the meeting, and perhaps those people get the solution before or during the meeting time. After review the meeting, the project team member will have an idea to complete the project based on the schedule plan, their personal commitment and how the plan will require every activity to complete successfully in order for the total schedule to be achieved as committed. (Lock, 1996) However, when we have finished with this kind of matter, we can have a review meeting with the client. Basically, we will conduct the review meeting according the client request. In this meeting, the customer is briefed about the progress of the project whether the project is ahead, behind or on schedule. Then, client and the proj ect team should discuss whether continuing the project based on the schedule or any changes by request. Change Management Change management is handling any changes during the project development process. In order to final completion of project, at least one change is come without the notification. A change means any different approach from the project particular or specification after initial issues. Whenever changes arise, they can usually be recognized as belonging to one of two principal commercial categories. One way of defining these categories is to ask whether the request for a change has originated within the project organization, or if it has come from customer. However, some borderline cases which cannot be put into either of these classifications but which contain elements of both. A more useful way of classifying changes from the commercial point of views is to label them as funded or unfunded. For a funded change the customer must take responsibilities for the change and pay for it. For unfunded changes the project management will have to carry the costs itself, with consequent risk to budget limits and expected profits. Whether or not a change is to be funded or unfunded will determine to a very large extend how it is handled and considered for authorization. (Lock, 1996; p. 433) Risk Management Plan Risk management planning is an important case during the project. Mostly it comes suddenly without any warning actions or it might be the factor that determines the failure of a project. On the other hand, that is the project management and the team member responsibilities to discuss and handling about the risks it might come during the project. According to PRINCE 2 guide on electronic book, risks management could be analyze before it comes to the project. When the project management and team member could analyze the risks come, the organization has the solution already and could solve the problem immediately. Steps to analyze risks management are listed below: Risk identification By identify the potential risk (or opportunities) facing the project. A list of potential risks may lead to hurried and incorrect decisions to exclude some risks. Evaluation Risk evaluation is concerned with assessing probability and impact of individual risks, taking into account any interdependencies or other factor outside the immediate scope under investigation : Probability is to evaluate a particular outcome actually happen Impact is the evaluated effect or result of a particular outcome actually happening Impact should ideally be considered under the elements such as time, quality, benefits and people/resources Selection The risk response process should involve identifying and evaluating a range of options for treating risks and preparing and implementing risks management plans. (Crown Copyright, 2002) Risk Checklist During the project process, our organization could identify the risks that might be come and we are trying to identify, evaluate and select the risks to avoid the problem more dangerous. When the risks come to the project, project management team should be discuss and solve the problem immediately and find the solution. As a project management must have a back-up planning, so when the risks come without any warning sign the project plan can be modify according the back-up planning. Project Quality Management The purpose of project quality management is to make sure whether our project development will satisfy the customers. To implement the quality management, now there is an organization to monitor and standardize the quality which is called The International Organization for Standardization (ISO). Project manager and the team member should have good relationships with key stakeholders, especially the main customer for the project, to understand what quality means to them. (Schwalbe, 2006) Mostly, the project team only focused on meeting the written requirements for the main products and ignoring other stakeholders needs and expectation for the project and it make the project become fail. (Schwalbe, 2006) Quality Planning The reason to planning the quality techniques and standards is required and responsibilities during the project. Project quality plan is made to listed how is the project will acceptable for clients requirements, reference to any standards that need to be met, is the criteria acceptance, and much more expectation. According PRINCE 2 methodology, quality plan is derive from : Organizational standards Customers quality expectations Supplier and customer quality management systems (QMS) Configuration management requirements Change control requirements. Project quality plan also involves communicating the correct actions for ensuring quality in a format that is understandable and complete. Important scope aspects of information technology projects that affect quality include functionality and features, system outputs, performance and reliability and maintainability. (Schwalbe, 2006; p. 295) Functionality is a step of system performs. Features are system in a special point that request users. System output are the screen and reports the system generates. It is important to describe clearly is the screen and reports look like for a system Performance addresses how well a product or service shows the customers intended use Reliability is the ability of a product or service to perform as expected under normal conditions. Maintainability addresses the ease of performing maintenance on a product. (Schwalbe, 2006; p. 295-296) All aspects of project scope that mentioned above are some of the requirement issues that linked to quality planning. Project managers should be knows well about basis quality terms, standards and resources. (Schwalbe, 2006) Quality Assurance The quality assurance process involves taking responsibility for quality throughtout the projects life cycle. Top management must take the lead in empahasizing the roles all employees play in quality assurance, especially senior managers roles. The main output of this process are requested changes, recommended corrective actions and updates to organization process assets and the project management plan. (Schwalbe, 2006 : p. 294) An important tool for quality assurance is a quality audit. Quality audit is a structure review of specific quality management activities that help identify lessons learned that could improve performance on current of future project. (Schwalbe, 2006; p. 298) Quality Control Quality control is to monitor the project progress which is following the quality standard and looking for the improvement of high quality. Usually, quality control process is followed by technical tools and technics quality management. Quality control has many general tools and techniques such as pareto analysis, statistical sampling, Six Sigma and quality control charts. (Schwalbe, 2006) One sample to use tools and techniques for quality control by using statistical sampling. Statistical sampling is a key concept in project quality management. Members of project team who focus on quality control must have a strong understanding of statistic, but other project team members need to understand only the basic concept. (Schwalbe, 2006; p. 301) Statistical sampling involves choosing part of a population of interest for inspection. For example, a company planning to develop an electronic data interchange (EDI) system for handling data on invoices from all of its suppliers. Assume also that in the past year, the total number of invoices was 50.000 from 200 suppliers. The size of the sample depends on how representative you want the sample to be. A simple formula for determining sample size is: References Lock, D. (1996). Project Management 6th edition. In D. Lock, Project Management 6th edition (pp. 430-431). England: Gower. Marchewka, J. T. (2003). ITPM Providing Measurable Organizational Value. America: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Schwalbe, K. (2006). Information Technology Project Management. Canada: Thomson Course Technology. Whitten, N. (1995). Managing Software Development Projects Formula to Success, Managing Software Development Projects 2nd edition Formula to Success (pp. 98-99). Canada: John Wiley Sons, Inc. Crown Copyright. (2002). PRINCE 2. United Kingdom. www.allbusiness.com. (2007). Retrieved 2007 www.officedepot.com/a/products. (2007). Retrieved 2007, from www.officedepot.com/a/products. www.symantec.com. (2007). Retrieved 2007 https://www.odellion.com/pages/online%20community/npv/financialmodels_npv_equations.htm . Retrieved December 6,2007 https://www.agmrc.org/agmrc/business/operatingbusiness/sampleletterofintent.htm. (2002-2007). Agricultural Marketing Resource Centre. Retrieved December 6, 2007 Web, A. (1998). https://members.aol.com/AllenWeb/planning.htm. Retrieved December 11, 2007, from Project Planning Feasibilitiy Analysis. Software of Quality Assurance Point Management [Online]// https://www.ii.metu.edu.tr/-ion545/demo/section1.2.html.- 2007.- December 14, 2007.

The Chemistry Behind Firework Colors

Creating firework colors is a complex endeavor, requiring considerable art and application of physical science. Excluding propellants or special effects, the points of light ejected from fireworks, termed stars, generally require an oxygen-producer, fuel, binder (to keep everything where it needs to be), and color producer. There are two main mechanisms of color production in fireworks, incandescence, and luminescence. Incandescence Incandescence is light produced from heat. Heat causes a substance to become hot and glow, initially emitting infrared, then red, orange, yellow, and white light as it becomes increasingly hotter. When the temperature of a firework is controlled, the glow of components, such as charcoal, can be manipulated to be the desired color (temperature) at the proper time. Metals, such as aluminum, magnesium, and titanium, burn very brightly and are useful for increasing the temperature of the firework. Luminescence Luminescence is light produced using energy sources other than heat. Sometimes luminescence is called cold light because it can occur at room temperature and cooler temperatures. To produce luminescence, energy is absorbed by an electron of an atom or molecule, causing it to become excited, but unstable. The energy is supplied by the heat of the burning firework. When the electron returns to a lower energy state the energy is released in the form of a photon (light). The energy of the photon determines its wavelength or color.​ In some cases, the salts needed to produce the desired color are unstable. Barium chloride (green) is unstable at room temperatures, so barium must be combined with a more stable compound (e.g., chlorinated rubber). In this case, the chlorine is released in the heat of the burning of the pyrotechnic composition, to then form barium chloride and produce the green color. Copper chloride (blue), on the other hand, is unstable at high temperatures, so the firework cannot get too hot, yet must be bright enough to be seen. Quality of Firework Ingredients Pure colors require pure ingredients. Even trace amounts of sodium impurities (yellow-orange) are sufficient to overpower or alter other colors. A careful formulation is required so that too much smoke or residue doesnt mask the color. With fireworks, as with other things, cost often relates to quality. The skill of the manufacturer and date the firework was produced greatly affect the final display (or lack thereof). Table of  Firework Colorants Color Compound Red strontium salts, lithium saltslithium carbonate, Li2CO3 = redstrontium carbonate, SrCO3 = bright red Orange calcium saltscalcium chloride, CaCl2calcium sulfate, CaSO4xH2O, where x = 0,2,3,5 Gold incandescence of iron (with carbon), charcoal, or lampblack Yellow sodium compoundssodium nitrate, NaNO3cryolite, Na3AlF6 Electric White white-hot metal, such as magnesium or aluminumbarium oxide, BaO Green barium compounds + chlorine producerbarium chloride, BaCl+ = bright green Blue copper compounds + chlorine producercopper acetoarsenite (Paris Green), Cu3As2O3Cu(C2H3O2)2 = bluecopper (I) chloride, CuCl = turquoise blue Purple mixture of strontium (red) and copper (blue) compounds Silver burning aluminum, titanium, or magnesium powder or flakes Sequence of Events Just packing colorant chemicals into an explosive charge would produce an unsatisfying firework! Theres a sequence of events leading to a beautiful, colorful display. Lighting the fuse ignites the lift charge, which propels the firework into the sky. The lift charge can be black powder or one of the modern propellants. This charge burns in a confined space, pushing itself upward as hot gas is forced through a narrow opening. The fuse continues to burn on a time delay to reach the interior of the shell. The shell is packed with stars that contain packets of metal salts and combustible material. When the fuse reaches the star, the firework is high above the crowd. The star blows apart, forming glowing colors through a combination of incandescent heat and emission luminescence.